Performance of textured dual mobility total hip prosthesis with a concave dimple during Muslim prayer movements.

The single mobility bearing as a previous bearing design of total hip prosthesis has severe mobility constraints that can result in dislocation during Muslim (people who follow the Islam as religion) prayer movements, specifically shalat that requires intense movement. There are five intense movements (i.e., bowing, prostration, sitting, transition from standing to prostration, and final sitting) during Muslim prayer that may generate an impingement problem for patients with total hip prosthesis. In this work, textured dual mobility total hip prosthesis with two textured cases (i.e., textured femoral head and textured inner liner) are presented and their performances are numerically evaluated against untextured surface model during Muslim prayer movement. The concave dimple design is chosen for surface texturing, while for simulating femoral head materials, SS 316L and CoCrMo is choosen. To represent the real condition, three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics (CFD) coupled with two-way fluid-structure interaction (FSI) methods are employed to analyze elastohydrodynamic lubrication problem with non-Newtonian synovial fluid model. The main aim of the present study is to investigate the tribological performance on dual mobility total hip prosthesis with applied textured surface with concave dimple in femoral head and inner liner surface under Muslim prayer movements. It is found that applying surface texturing has a beneficial effect on the lubrication performance for some intense movements. The textured femoral head model performs better than textured inner liner model and untextured model (both femoral head and inner liner). The numerical results also indicate superior performance of CoCrMo femoral head compared to SS 316L femoral head. These findings can be used as a reference for biomedical engineers and orthopedic surgeons in designing and choosing suitable total hip prosthesis for Muslims makes they can carry out Muslim prayer movements like humans in general who have normal hip joints.

Effect of Short-Term Deep-Pressure Portable Seat on Behavioral and Biological Stress in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders: A Pilot Study.

Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have challenging behaviors, which are associated with difficulties in parenting. Deep pressure is a therapeutic modality in occupational therapy, and it was reported to produce a calming effect. This study aimed to determine whether the short-term use of an autism hug machine portable seat (AHMPS) improves behavioral and neurobiological stress in children with ASD, and to determine whether AHMPS with an inflatable wrap or manual pull is more effective. This study enrolled children with ASD who were administered with the inflatable wrap (group I) and manual pull (group II) for 20 min twice a week for 3 weeks. Conners' Parent Rating Scale-48 (CPRS-48) was used to rate behavioral improvements, and galvanic skin response (GSR) was used to measure sympathetic stress response. A total of 20 children with ASD (14 boys and 6 girls; aged 7-13 years) were included. CPRS-48 presented conduct problems: behavior was significantly decreased in the inflatable group (p = 0.007) compared to the manual pull group. The GSR captured a significant reduction in sympathetic response (p = 0.01) only in group I. Neurobiological stress was reduced in children who were wearing the AHMPS inflatable wrap; therefore, AHMPS inflatable wrap is an effective method to reduce emotional arousal.